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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by 大象APPor authored by 大象APPresearchers.

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1 to 14 of 14 Research Studies Displayed
Crawford J, Beaton D, Almad F
大象APPAuthor: Bierman AS
Cross-cultural survey development: the colon cancer screening behaviors survey for South Asian populations.
The objective of this work was to develop a survey that considered cultural relevance and diversity of South Asian populations, with the aim of describing or predicting factors that influence colorectal cancer screening intention and adherence. The initial development of the Colon Cancer Screening Behaviours Survey for South Asian populations was completed using a number of steps. This initial survey was later cross-culturally translated and adapted into the Urdu language.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Crawford J, Beaton D, Almad F . Cross-cultural survey development: the colon cancer screening behaviors survey for South Asian populations. BMC Res Notes 2017 Dec 28;10(1):770. doi: 10.1186/s13104-017-3098-3.
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Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Colonoscopy, Patient Adherence/Compliance, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Screening
Kistler CE, Golin C, Morris C
Design of a randomized clinical trial of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid to promote appropriate screening in community-dwelling older adults.
This paper reports on the design of a randomized clinical trial to understand the effects of a patient decision aid on appropriate colorectal cancer screening. The study aims to determine the ability of a patient decision aid to increase individualized and appropriate colorectal cancer screening.

AHRQ-funded; HS021133.
Citation: Kistler CE, Golin C, Morris C . Design of a randomized clinical trial of a colorectal cancer screening decision aid to promote appropriate screening in community-dwelling older adults. Clin Trials 2017 Dec;14(6):648-58. doi: 10.1177/1740774517725289..
Keywords: Cancer, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Shared Decision Making, Elderly, Prevention, Screening
Adams LB, Richmond J, Corbie-Smith G
Medical mistrust and colorectal cancer screening among African Americans.
The goal of this systematic review was to summarize evidence investigating associations between medical mistrust and CRC screening among African Americans, and variations in these associations by gender, CRC screening type, and level of mistrust. The study found that quantitative differences in mistrust and CRC screening by gender were mixed, but qualitative studies highlighted fear of experimentation and intrusiveness of screening methods as unique themes among African American men.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Adams LB, Richmond J, Corbie-Smith G . Medical mistrust and colorectal cancer screening among African Americans. J Community Health 2017 Oct;42(5):1044-61. doi: 10.1007/s10900-017-0339-2..
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Prevention, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Screening
Singal AG, Gupta S, Skinner CS
Effect of colonoscopy outreach vs fecal immunochemical test outreach on colorectal cancer screening completion: a randomized clinical trial.
Researchers compared the effectiveness of fecal immunochemical test (FIT) outreach and colonoscopy outreach to increase completion of the colorectal cancer (CRC) screening process (screening initiation and follow-up) within 3 years. Among persons aged 50 to 64 years receiving primary care at a safety-net institution, mailed outreach invitations offering FIT or colonoscopy compared with usual care increased the proportion completing CRC screening process within 3 years.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Singal AG, Gupta S, Skinner CS . Effect of colonoscopy outreach vs fecal immunochemical test outreach on colorectal cancer screening completion: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2017 Sep 5;318(9):806-15. doi: 10.1001/jama.2017.11389.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Colonoscopy, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research
Pham R, Cross S, Fernandez B
"Finding the right FIT": rural patient preferences for fecal immunochemical test (FIT) characteristics.
This community-led study was conducted to assess patient preferences for fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) characteristics and to use study findings in concert with clinical effectiveness data to inform regional FIT selection. The authors concluded that FIT characteristics influenced patient's perceptions of test acceptability and feasibility and indicated that health system leaders, payers, and clinicians should select FITs that are both clinically effective and incorporate patient preferred test characteristics.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Pham R, Cross S, Fernandez B . "Finding the right FIT": rural patient preferences for fecal immunochemical test (FIT) characteristics. J Am Board Fam Med 2017 Sep-Oct;30(5):632-44. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2017.05.170151..
Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Rural Health, Screening
Davis MM, Renfro S, Pham R
Geographic and population-level disparities in colorectal cancer testing: a multilevel analysis of Medicaid and commercial claims data.
This study used Medicaid and commercial claims data to examine individual and geographic factors associated with colorectal cancer testing rates in Oregon. CRC testing in newly age-eligible Medicaid and commercial members remains markedly low. Disparities exist by gender, geographic residence, insurance coverage, and access to primary care.
AHRQ-funded; HS022981.
Citation: Davis MM, Renfro S, Pham R . Geographic and population-level disparities in colorectal cancer testing: a multilevel analysis of Medicaid and commercial claims data. Prev Med 2017 Aug;101:44-52. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.05.001.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Colonoscopy, Disparities, Medicaid, Social Determinants of Health
Mehta HB, Vargas GM, Adhikari D
Comparative effectiveness of chemotherapy vs resection of the primary tumour as the initial treatment in older patients with Stage IV colorectal cancer.
The objectives were to determine trends in the use of chemotherapy as the initial treatment and to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of initial chemotherapy vs resection of the primary tumor on survival (intention-to-treat analysis) in Stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC). Instrumental variable analysis found that, compared with resection, chemotherapy as the initial treatment offers similar or better 2-year survival in patients with Stage IV CRC.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Mehta HB, Vargas GM, Adhikari D . Comparative effectiveness of chemotherapy vs resection of the primary tumour as the initial treatment in older patients with Stage IV colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 2017 Jun;19(6):O210-o18. doi: 10.1111/codi.13659.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Treatments, Comparative Effectiveness, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Surgery
Garcia-Albeniz X, Hsu J, Hernan MA
The value of explicitly emulating a target trial when using real world evidence: an application to colorectal cancer screening.
Researchers reviewed a recent observational analysis that explicitly emulated a target trial of screening colonoscopy using insurance claims from U.S. Medicare. They then compared this explicit emulation with alternative, simpler observational analyses. This empirical comparison suggests that lack of an explicit emulation of the target trial leads to biased estimates, and shows that allowing for repeated eligibility increases the statistical efficiency of the estimates.
AHRQ-funded; HS023128.
Citation: Garcia-Albeniz X, Hsu J, Hernan MA . The value of explicitly emulating a target trial when using real world evidence: an application to colorectal cancer screening. Eur J Epidemiol 2017 Jun;32(6):495-500. doi: 10.1007/s10654-017-0287-2.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Colonoscopy, Comparative Effectiveness, Evidence-Based Practice, Research Methodologies
Ngo-Metzger Q, Rajupet S
大象APPAuthor: Ngo-Metzger Q
Screening for colorectal cancer.
This case study involves a 50-year-old woman who presents for a routine visit. She is healthy with no significant medical history, takes no medications, and has no personal or family history of cancer. She asks about colorectal cancer screening. There are three multiple choice questions together with the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force answers, recommendations and related background information.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Ngo-Metzger Q, Rajupet S . Screening for colorectal cancer. Am Fam Physician 2017 May 15;95(10):653-54.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Case Study, Colonoscopy, Prevention, Screening
Hoffman AS, Lowenstein LM, Kamath GR
An entertainment-education colorectal cancer screening decision aid for African American patients: a randomized controlled trial.
The purpose of this study was to assess whether an entertainment-education decision aid tailored for African American patients improved patients' decision making, attitudes, intentions, or colorectal cancer screening behavior. It found that viewing the culturally tailored decision aid significantly increased African American patients' knowledge of colorectal cancer screening recommendations and options. It also significantly reduced their decisional conflict and improved their self-advocacy.
AHRQ-funded; HS022134.
Citation: Hoffman AS, Lowenstein LM, Kamath GR . An entertainment-education colorectal cancer screening decision aid for African American patients: a randomized controlled trial. Cancer 2017 Apr 15;123(8):1401-08. doi: 10.1002/cncr.30489.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Shared Decision Making, Education: Patient and Caregiver, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Screening
Kanters A, Mullard AJ, Arambula J
Colorectal cancer: quality of surgical care in Michigan.
Surgery remains the cornerstone therapy for colorectal cancer (CRC). This study assesses CRC quality measures for surgical cases in Michigan with data from 30 hospitals in the Michigan Surgical Quality Collaborative (2014-2015). Adjusted process measures showed gaps in quality of care for CRC, suggesting opportunity for regional quality improvement.
AHRQ-funded; HS000053.
Citation: Kanters A, Mullard AJ, Arambula J . Colorectal cancer: quality of surgical care in Michigan. Am J Surg 2017 Mar;213(3):548-52. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2016.11.038.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Quality of Care, Outcomes, Quality Measures, Surgery
Issaka RB, Singh MH, Oshima SM
Inadequate utilization of diagnostic colonoscopy following abnormal FIT results in an integrated safety-net system.
The effectiveness of stool-based colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is contingent on colonoscopy completion in patients with an abnormal fecal immunochemical test (FIT). This study found that FIT positive patients never referred to gastroenterology or who missed their appointment after referrals were more likely to have comorbid conditions and documented illicit substance use compared with patients who completed a colonoscopy.
AHRQ-funded; HS023558.
Citation: Issaka RB, Singh MH, Oshima SM . Inadequate utilization of diagnostic colonoscopy following abnormal FIT results in an integrated safety-net system. Am J Gastroenterol 2017 Feb;112(2):375-82. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2016.555.
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Keywords: Colonoscopy, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality
Garcia-Albeniz X, Hsu J, Bretthauer M
Effectiveness of screening colonoscopy to prevent colorectal cancer among Medicare beneficiaries aged 70 to 79 years: a prospective observational study.
The researchers evaluated the effectiveness and safety of screening colonoscopy to prevent colorectal cancer (CRC) in persons aged 70 to 74 and those aged 75 to 79 years. They concluded that screening colonoscopy may have had a modest benefit in preventing CRC in beneficiaries aged 70 to 74 years and a smaller benefit in older beneficiaries.
AHRQ-funded; HS023128.
Citation: Garcia-Albeniz X, Hsu J, Bretthauer M . Effectiveness of screening colonoscopy to prevent colorectal cancer among Medicare beneficiaries aged 70 to 79 years: a prospective observational study. Ann Intern Med 2017 Jan 3;166(1):18-26. doi: 10.7326/m16-0758.
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Keywords: Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Colonoscopy, Elderly, Prevention, Screening
Martin J, Halm EA, Tiro JA
Reasons for lack of diagnostic colonoscopy after positive result on fecal immunochemical test in a safety-net health system.
This study aimed to characterize factors contributing to lack of follow-up colonoscopy in a racially diverse and socioeconomically disadvantaged cohort of patients with abnormal results on the fecal immunochemical test receiving care in an integrated safety-net health system. It concluded that lack of diagnostic evaluation is related to a combination of patient-, provider-, and system-level factors, highlighting the need for multilevel interventions to improve follow-up colonoscopy completion rates.
AHRQ-funded; HS022418.
Citation: Martin J, Halm EA, Tiro JA . Reasons for lack of diagnostic colonoscopy after positive result on fecal immunochemical test in a safety-net health system. Am J Med 2017 Jan;130(1):93.e1-93.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2016.07.028.
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Keywords: Colonoscopy, Cancer: Colorectal Cancer, Cancer, Diagnostic Safety and Quality

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