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Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by 大象APPor authored by 大象APPresearchers.

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1 to 7 of 7 Research Studies Displayed
Gordon BE, Basak R, Carpenter WR
Factors influencing prostate cancer treatment decisions for African American and white men.
This prospective, population-based cohort study examined some possible reasons for mortality outcome differences for prostate cancer between African American (AA) and white patients. A cohort of 1170 men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer were enrolled from 2011 to 2013 before treatment in North Carolina. Participants were asked to rate their aggressiveness of their cancer, and also the importance of 10 factors their treatment decision-making process. Among low-risk patients, there was no difference in perception of their cancer as 鈥渘ot very aggressive鈥. Among high-risk patients, 54% of AA patients considered their cancer to be 鈥渘ot very aggressive鈥 while only 24% of white patients did. For AA patients, cost, treatment time, and recovery time were considered very important more than white patients.
AHRQ-funded.
Citation: Gordon BE, Basak R, Carpenter WR . Factors influencing prostate cancer treatment decisions for African American and white men. Cancer 2019 May 15;125(10):1693-700. doi: 10.1002/cncr.31932..
Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Cancer, Cancer: Prostate Cancer, Disparities, Men's Health, Outcomes, Patient-Centered Outcomes Research, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Breathett K, Jones J, Lum HD
Factors related to physician clinical decision-making for African-American and Hispanic patients: a qualitative meta-synthesis.
The purpose of this study was to synthesize qualitative studies that explore various aspects of how patients鈥 African-American race or Hispanic ethnicity may factor into physician clinical decision-making. Researchers derived six fundamental themes that detail the role of patient race and ethnicity on physician decision-making. They found that a non-hierarchical system of intertwining themes influenced clinical decision-making among racial and ethnic minority patients and recommended paths for future study.
AHRQ-funded; HS024569.
Citation: Breathett K, Jones J, Lum HD . Factors related to physician clinical decision-making for African-American and Hispanic patients: a qualitative meta-synthesis. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2018 Dec;5(6):1215-29. doi: 10.1007/s40615-018-0468-z..
Keywords: Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Shared Decision Making, Disparities
Jolles MP, Lee PJ, Javier JR
Shared decision-making and parental experiences with health services to meet their child's special health care needs: racial and ethnic disparities.
This study investigated the relationship between shared decision-making (SDM) and parents鈥 frustrations in getting health needs met for their special needs child. Secondary analysis was done on data from the 2009-2010 National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs. More Whites than Blacks engaged in SDM, and when Blacks did engage they had a higher odds of negative experiences than Whites. Researchers weren鈥檛 sure what the cause was of that, but speculated it was due to increased awareness of service challenges.
AHRQ-funded; HS000032.
Citation: Jolles MP, Lee PJ, Javier JR . Shared decision-making and parental experiences with health services to meet their child's special health care needs: racial and ethnic disparities. Patient Educ Couns 2018 Oct;101(10):1753-60. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2018.05.022..
Keywords: Access to Care, Caregiving, Children/Adolescents, Shared Decision Making, Disabilities, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Attanasio LB, Kozhimannil KB, Kjerulff KH
Factors influencing women's perceptions of shared decision making during labor and delivery: results from a large-scale cohort study of first childbirth.
The researchers examined correlates of shared decision making during labor and delivery. They found that women who were black and who did not have a college degree or private insurance were less likely to report high shared decision making, as well as women who underwent labor induction, instrumental vaginal or cesarean delivery.
AHRQ-funded; HS024215.
Citation: Attanasio LB, Kozhimannil KB, Kjerulff KH . Factors influencing women's perceptions of shared decision making during labor and delivery: results from a large-scale cohort study of first childbirth. Patient Educ Couns 2018 Jun;101(6):1130-36. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2018.01.002.
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Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Disparities, Labor and Delivery, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Social Determinants of Health
Tan JY, Xu LJ, Lopez FY
Shared decision making among clinicians and Asian American and Pacific Islander sexual and gender minorities: an intersectional approach to address a critical care gap.
The authors illustrated how issues at the intersection of Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) and sexual and gender minorities (SGM) identities affect shared decision making processes and health outcomes. They discussed experiences of AAPI SGM that are affected by AAPI heterogeneity, SGM stigma, multiple minority group identities, and sources of discrimination.
AHRQ-funded; HS022433.
Citation: Tan JY, Xu LJ, Lopez FY . Shared decision making among clinicians and Asian American and Pacific Islander sexual and gender minorities: an intersectional approach to address a critical care gap. LGBT Health 2016 Oct;3(5):327-34. doi: 10.1089/lgbt.2015.0143.
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Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Disparities, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Clinician-Patient Communication, Social Stigma
Chen J, Mullins CD, Novak P
Personalized strategies to activate and empower patients in health care and reduce health disparities.
The authors proposed a patient-centered, multilevel activation and empowerment framework to inform the development of culturally informed personalized patient activation and empowerment (P-PAE) interventions to improve population health and reduce racial and ethnic disparities. They believe the P-PAE model is timely and sustainable and will be critical to engaging patients in their treatment, developing patients' abilities to manage their health, helping patients express concerns and preferences regarding treatment, empowering patients to ask questions about treatment options, and building up strategic patient-provider partnerships through shared decision making.
AHRQ-funded; HS022135.
Citation: Chen J, Mullins CD, Novak P . Personalized strategies to activate and empower patients in health care and reduce health disparities. Health Educ Behav 2016 Feb;43(1):25-34. doi: 10.1177/1090198115579415.
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Keywords: Shared Decision Making, Disparities, Patient and Family Engagement, Patient-Centered Healthcare, Racial and Ethnic Minorities
Wang G, Gold M, Siegel J
大象APPAuthor: Siegel J
Deliberation: obtaining informed input from a diverse public.
The Deliberative Methods Demonstration was a randomized controlled experiment comparing four deliberation methods and a reading materials control group. After surveying 907 participants before and after deliberation, the researchers found that changes in knowledge about using medical evidence in decisionmaking were not associated with race, ethnicity, or education.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Wang G, Gold M, Siegel J . Deliberation: obtaining informed input from a diverse public. J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2015 Feb;26(1):223-42. doi: 10.1353/hpu.2015.0021..
Keywords: Disparities, Quality of Care, Shared Decision Making, Racial and Ethnic Minorities, Social Determinants of Health

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