大象APP

U.S. flag

SHARE:

FacebookXEmail AHRQPrint

Search All Research Studies

 

大象APPResearch Studies Date

Topics

大象APPResearch Studies

Sign up:

Research Studies is a compilation of published research articles funded by 大象APPor authored by 大象APPresearchers.

Results

1 to 25 of 73 Research Studies Displayed
Liu Y, Rothenberger SD, Tadrous M
Trends in opioid and gabapentinoid utilization: a time-series analysis across 72 countries from 2012 to 2023.
This study鈥檚 objective was to compare global trends in gabapentinoid and opioid utilization overall and by economic development category, and also to predict future trends. Global gabapentinoid annual sales rose by an average of 114.5% from 2012 to 2022, with a higher increase in developing (180.9%) than developed economies (110.0%). By contrast, annual opioid sales declined globally by 25.4%, with a 27.9% decrease in developed and a 16.8% increase in developing economies. Predicting future trends if current ones persist over the following 3 years, gabapentinoid quarterly sales are forecasted to rise by 7.7% in developed and 18.6% in developing economies, while opioid quarterly sales are expected to decrease by 9.5% and increase by 15.1%, respectively. Using Granger causality tests, gabapentinoids may predict opioid sales globally for the following year, but opioids did not predict gabapentinoid sales.
AHRQ-funded; HS027985.
Citation: Liu Y, Rothenberger SD, Tadrous M . Trends in opioid and gabapentinoid utilization: a time-series analysis across 72 countries from 2012 to 2023. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2025 May; 34(5):e70149. doi: 10.1002/pds.70149.
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Practice Patterns
Fry CE, Jeffery AD, Horta M
Changes in postpartum opioid prescribing after implementation of state opioid prescribing limits.
The purpose of this study was to investigate how state restrictions on opioid prescribing affected postpartum pain medication patterns. Researchers analyzed commercial insurance data spanning 2014-2021 across 49 U.S. states, examining over 1.5 million deliveries to patients averaging 30 years old. The investigation focused on opioid prescriptions given within 30 days after childbirth, considering both vaginal and cesarean deliveries. Nearly one-third of births were cesarean deliveries, and 98.4% involved patients who had not previously used opioids. The research measured prescription quantities, duration, and morphine equivalent doses to evaluate the impact of state-implemented prescription limitations.
AHRQ-funded; HS026395.
Citation: Fry CE, Jeffery AD, Horta M . Changes in postpartum opioid prescribing after implementation of state opioid prescribing limits. JAMA Health Forum 2024 Nov; 5(11):e244216. doi: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2024.4216.
Keywords: Maternal Health, Women, Opioids, Medication, Practice Patterns
Peahl AF, Low LK, Langen ES
Drivers of variation in postpartum opioid prescribing across hospitals participating in a statewide maternity care quality collaborative.
This study examines postpartum opioid prescribing variation in a statewide quality collaborative. Among 40,589 patients, 3.0% of vaginal births and 87.8% of cesarean births received opioid prescriptions, showing significant hospital variation. Key predictors included cesarean delivery and severe lacerations for higher prescribing rates, while certified nurse-midwives and positive safety culture correlated with lower rates. The study found that practitioner and hospital factors accounted for substantial variation in prescribing, suggesting that targeted opioid stewardship could reduce prescribing harms.
AHRQ-funded; HS025465.
Citation: Peahl AF, Low LK, Langen ES . Drivers of variation in postpartum opioid prescribing across hospitals participating in a statewide maternity care quality collaborative. Birth 2024 Sep; 51(3):541-58. doi: 10.1111/birt.12809..
Keywords: Opioids, Maternal Health, Women, Medication, Hospitals, Practice Patterns
Khouja T, Shah NH, Suda KJ
Trajectories of opioid prescribing by general dentists, specialists, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the United States, 2015-2019.
The purpose of this study was to analyze opioid prescribing patterns among U.S. dental professionals from 2015 through 2019, examining nearly 200,000 prescribers. The study identified eight distinct prescribing trajectories, with approximately 15% being non-prescribers and 3.4% consistently prescribing at high rates. Among high-prescribing dentists, the investigation revealed that about 7.5% significantly reduced their prescribing rates. The analysis showed variations based on dental specialties and patient populations, with oral surgeons and Medicaid patient volume influencing prescribing patterns.
AHRQ-funded; HS025177.
Citation: Khouja T, Shah NH, Suda KJ . Trajectories of opioid prescribing by general dentists, specialists, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the United States, 2015-2019. J Am Dent Assoc 2024 Jan; 155(1):7-16.e7. doi: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.10.002.
Keywords: Opioids, Dental and Oral Health, Medication, Practice Patterns
Yan CH, Hubbard CC, Lee TA
Impact of hydrocodone rescheduling on dental prescribing of opioids.
In 2014, the United States Drug Enforcement Administration rescheduled hydrocodone鈥檚 controlled substance schedule from III to II, introducing increasing regulations in prescribing and dispensing. In the U.S., dentists often prescribe hydrocodone, and these changes in scheduling may have altered dental prescribing of opioids. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of the hydrocodone rescheduling on dental prescribing of opioids in the United States. Across the 49-month study period, dentists prescribed 50,412,942 opioid prescriptions. Hydrocodone was the most prescribed opioid, followed by codeine, oxycodone, and tramadol. At index, hydrocodone prescribing immediately decreased by -834.8 Rx/1,000 dentists with increased prescribing of codeine, oxycodone, and tramadol. The mean MME increased at index for all opioids except for hydrocodone, and dosages subsequently decreased during the postindex period.
AHRQ-funded; HS025177.
Citation: Yan CH, Hubbard CC, Lee TA . Impact of hydrocodone rescheduling on dental prescribing of opioids. JDR Clin Trans Res 2023 Oct; 8(4):402-12. doi: 10.1177/23800844221102830..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Dental and Oral Health, Practice Patterns
Bongiovanni T, Pletcher MJ, Lau C
A behavioral intervention to promote use of multimodal pain medication for hospitalized patients: a randomized controlled trial.
Administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) has become a foundational strategy to decrease the use of opioids, but data is lacking to describe recommending utilization when admitting patients using electronic health record systems. The purpose of this study was to assess an electronic health record system to increase ordering of NSAIDs for hospitalized adults. The researchers conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial of clinicians admitting adult patients to a health system over a period of 9-months. Clinicians in the intervention arm were required to actively order or decline NSAIDs; the control arm was provided the same order but without a required response. A total of 20,085 hospitalizations were included. The study found that among the hospitalizations, 52% were admitted by a clinician randomized to the intervention arm. NSAIDs were ordered in 22% of the interventions and 22% of the control admissions. There were no statistically significant differences in NSAID administration, pain scores, or opioid prescribing. There were no differences in clinical harms, with average pain scores of 3.36 in the control group and 3.39 in the intervention group, on a scale of 0-5.
AHRQ-funded; HS026383.
Citation: Bongiovanni T, Pletcher MJ, Lau C . A behavioral intervention to promote use of multimodal pain medication for hospitalized patients: a randomized controlled trial. J Hosp Med 2023 Aug; 18(8):685-92. doi: 10.1002/jhm.13153..
Keywords: Pain, Opioids, Medication, Behavioral Health, Practice Patterns
Miller-Rosales C, Busch SH, Meara ER
Internal and environmental predictors of physician practice use of screening and medications for opioid use disorders.
This study examined the extent of screening for opioid use and availability of medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) in a national cross-section of multi-physician primary care and multispecialty practices. The authors found that a total of 26.2% of practices offered MOUD, while 69.4% of practices screened for opioid use. Offering of MOUD in a practice was associated with having advanced HIT functionality, while access to on-site behavioral clinicians was positively associated with offering MOUD in adjusted models.
AHRQ-funded; HS024075.
Citation: Miller-Rosales C, Busch SH, Meara ER . Internal and environmental predictors of physician practice use of screening and medications for opioid use disorders. Med Care Res Rev 2023 Aug; 80(4):410-22. doi: 10.1177/10775587231162681..
Keywords: Opioids, Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Screening, Medication, Practice Patterns
Kim KC, Khouja T, Burgette JM
Trends in dispensed prescriptions for opioids, sedatives, benzodiazepines, gabapentin, and stimulants to children by general dentists, 2012-2019.
This study examined trends in prescription fills for opioids, benzodiazepines, gabapentin, and stimulants to children <18鈥墆ears from 2012 to 2019 in a national dataset comprising 92% of dispensed outpatient prescriptions by dentists. During this time, 3.8 million children filled prescriptions for high-alert drugs from general dentists. Opioids accounts for 69.4% of high-alert prescriptions, however from 2012 to 2019 fills for opioids, sedatives, benzodiazepines, and stimulants decreased by 65.2%, 43.4%, 43.6% and 89.3%, respectively. Gabapentin prescriptions increased by 8.1%. Older teenagers (15-17 years) received 42.5% of high-alert prescriptions. Low-income counties in Southern states were overrepresented among top-prescribing areas in 2019.
AHRQ-funded; HS025177.
Citation: Kim KC, Khouja T, Burgette JM . Trends in dispensed prescriptions for opioids, sedatives, benzodiazepines, gabapentin, and stimulants to children by general dentists, 2012-2019. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2023 Jun; 32(6):625-34. doi: 10.1002/pds.5589..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Dental and Oral Health, Opioids, Medication, Practice Patterns
Sun EC, Rishel CA, Waljee JF
Association between state limits on opioid prescribing and the incidence of persistent postoperative opioid use among surgical patients.
The objective of this study was to examine whether laws limiting opioid prescribing were associated with reductions in the incidence of persistent postoperative opioid use. Over identified 950,000 privately insured patients who had undergone one of 10 procedures were identified; researchers then estimated the association between persistent postoperative opioid use and whether state opioid prescribing limits were in effect on the day of surgery. The findings suggested that laws limiting opioid prescriptions were not associated with subsequent reductions in persistent postoperative opioid use.
AHRQ-funded; HS026753.
Citation: Sun EC, Rishel CA, Waljee JF . Association between state limits on opioid prescribing and the incidence of persistent postoperative opioid use among surgical patients. Ann Surg 2023 Apr;277(4):e759-e65. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000005283.
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Surgery, Substance Abuse, Practice Patterns
Nguyen T, Meille G, Buchmueller T
大象APPAuthor: Meille G
Mandatory prescription drug monitoring programs and overlapping prescriptions of opioids and benzodiazepines: evidence from Kentucky.
This AHRQ-authored study examined how overlapping benzodiazepine and opioid prescription rates changed after Kentucky implemented a PDMP mandate in July 2012 in response to the opioid epidemic. The authors conducted an interrupted time series analysis using monthly data from Kentucky's PDMP from 2010 to 2016. They also conducted an individual-level longitudinal analysis that compared changes in utilization patterns after the mandate went into effect to changes in earlier periods during which the mandate was not in effect. The PDMP mandate was associated with an immediate 7.5 % decline in the rate of overlapping benzodiazepine and opioid prescriptions and a significant change in the trend from increasing to decreasing. A single provider was responsible for approximately half of the immediate effect in level terms who was writing overlapping benzodiazepine and opioid prescriptions. Their longitudinal analysis suggests that over one year the mandate reduced initiation of overlapping prescriptions by 29.3 % and reduced continuation of overlapping prescriptions by 9.4 %, with effects of the policy being largest for women and men aged 36-50.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Nguyen T, Meille G, Buchmueller T . Mandatory prescription drug monitoring programs and overlapping prescriptions of opioids and benzodiazepines: evidence from Kentucky. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023 Feb 1; 243:109759. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109759..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Practice Patterns
Varady NH, Worsham CM, Chen AF
Inappropriate prescribing of opioids for patients undergoing surgery.
This study examined inappropriate prescribing of opioids for patients undergoing surgery, in this instance prescribing them to a patient鈥檚 spouse. Among 450,125 opioid-na茂ve couples with commercial insurance studied, for patients who did not fill perioperative opioid prescriptions themselves, the rate of spousal fills on the day of surgery (DOS) was 2.39 fills per 1,000 surgeries compared with 0.44 fills on all other perioperative days. Increases in spousal fills were not present for patients that filled opioid prescriptions themselves.
AHRQ-funded; HS026753.
Citation: Varady NH, Worsham CM, Chen AF . Inappropriate prescribing of opioids for patients undergoing surgery. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022 Dec 6;119(49):e2210226119. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2210226119..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Surgery, Practice Patterns, Provider: Physician
Parikh MA, Fabiyi C, Mistry KB
大象APPAuthor: Fabiyi C, Mistry KB
Factors associated with postprocedure opioid prescribing and persistent opioid use among opioid-naive patients: A nationally representative sample.
This study鈥檚 objective was to examine factors associated with postprocedure opioid receipt and persistent opioid use among opioid-naive patients in a nationally representative sample. The authors used panels 18-20 in MEPS between the years 2013 and 2015. They found that younger age, Western location, and a high-school degree were associated with higher odds of postprocedure opioid receipt. Patients who had procedures in an inpatient, outpatient, and dental setting; or musculoskeletal diagnoses and injuries were more likely to have postprocedure opioid receipt. Persistent opioid use was associated with Midwest and Northeast location, musculoskeletal diagnosis, public insurance, and positive depression screening.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Parikh MA, Fabiyi C, Mistry KB . Factors associated with postprocedure opioid prescribing and persistent opioid use among opioid-naive patients: A nationally representative sample. Ann Surg 2022 Dec 1;276(6):e706-e13. doi: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004630..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Opioids, Medication, Practice Patterns, Pain
Carlile N, Fuller TE, Benneyan JC
Lessons learned in implementing a chronic opioid therapy management system.
This article describes a research collaborative of health service researchers, systems engineers, and clinicians that sought to improve processes for safer chronic opioid therapy management in an academic primary care center. The authors present implementation results and lessons learned along with an intervention toolkit that others may consider using within their organization. They designed, tested, and implemented two key safe opioid use process metrics-percent for patients with recent opioid treatment agreements and urine drug tests. Focus groups were conducted after the conclusion of the implementation. They found a general lack of knowledge regarding resources available to patients and prescribers in the primary care clinic. In addition, 69% of clinicians reported largely 鈥渋nheriting鈥 (rather than initiating) their chronic opioid therapy patients. They also tracked 68 patients over a 4-year period and found although process measures improved, full adherence was not achieved for the entire population. Barriers identified included team structure, the evolving opioid environment, and surveillance challenges, along with disruptions resulting from the 2019 novel coronavirus.
AHRQ-funded; HS024453.
Citation: Carlile N, Fuller TE, Benneyan JC . Lessons learned in implementing a chronic opioid therapy management system. J Patient Saf 2022 Dec 1;18(8):e1142-e49. doi: 10.1097/pts.0000000000001039..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Pain, Chronic Conditions, Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Practice Patterns
Togun AT, Karaca-Mandic P, Wurtz R
Changes in opioid marketing practices after release of the CDC guidelines.
This study investigated changes in opioid marketing practices after release of the 2016 CDC guidelines. The study鈥檚 objectives were to (1) evaluate whether the release of the guidelines was associated with changes in total monthly marketing spending received per physician, monthly marketing encounter frequency per physician, and spending per encounter during opioid marketing; and (2) evaluate whether such changes in marketing differed between specialist physicians and primary care physicians (PCPs) and between urban and rural primary care service areas (PCSAs). This retrospective observational cross-sectional study used opioid marketing spending data from the CMS Open Payments database between August 2013 and December 2017. After release of the CDC guidelines the monthly number of marketing encounters per physician and total monthly amount received per physician decreased, but the amount spent at each marketing encounter increased. There was an immediate increase in level of opioid marketing spending per encounter by $0.59 and an over-time increase in rate of spending per encounter of $0.04 per month.
AHRQ-funded; HS025164.
Citation: Togun AT, Karaca-Mandic P, Wurtz R . Changes in opioid marketing practices after release of the CDC guidelines. Am J Manag Care 2022 Oct;28(10):507-13. doi: 10.37765/ajmc.2022.89248..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Practice Patterns
Khouja T, Polk DE, Suda KJ
Opioid prescribing by oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the United States, 2016-2019.
The objective of this study was to describe opioid prescribing trends among oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMFS). The IQVIA Longitudinal Prescription Dataset, 2016-2019, was used to identify prescriptions written by OMFS. The results indicated that while OMFS-prescribed hydrocodone and oxycodone decreased in most states, 12 percent of states showed increases. Tramadol and codeine prescriptions also increased. From these findings, the authors concluded that targeted interventions are warranted in some areas.
AHRQ-funded; HS025177.
Citation: Khouja T, Polk DE, Suda KJ . Opioid prescribing by oral and maxillofacial surgeons in the United States, 2016-2019. J Public Health Dent 2022 Sep;82(4):491-94. doi: 10.1111/jphd.12544..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Practice Patterns, Orthopedics, Surgery, Dental and Oral Health, Provider: Physician
Khouja T, Zhou J, Gellad WF
Serious opioid-related adverse outcomes associated with opioids prescribed by dentists.
This study鈥檚 objective was to evaluate adverse outcomes and persistent opioid use (POU) after opioid prescriptions by dentists, based on whether opioids were overprescribed or within recommendations. A cross-sectional analysis of adults with dental visit and corresponding opioid prescription from 2011 to 2017 within a nationwide commercial claims database was conducted. As per CDC guidelines, opioid overprescribing was defined as >120 morphine milligram equivalents. Of 633,387 visits, 16.6% had POU and 2.6% experienced an adverse outcome. POU was higher when opioids were overprescribed with visits associated with mild pain and those with substance use disorders having the highest risk of both outcomes.
AHRQ-funded; HS025177.
Citation: Khouja T, Zhou J, Gellad WF . Serious opioid-related adverse outcomes associated with opioids prescribed by dentists. Pain 2022 Aug 1;163(8):1571-80. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002545..
Keywords: Opioids, Dental and Oral Health, Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Practice Patterns, Pain, Medication, Adverse Drug Events (ADE), Adverse Events
Wyse JJ, Mackey K, Lovejoy TI
Expanding access to medications for opioid use disorder through locally-initiated implementation.
The purpose of this study was to identify and describe locally- and internally-developed approaches to improve patient access to medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD). The researchers utilized the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) to guide qualitative interviews and ethnographic observations to examine the planning, design, and implementation of a locally-initiated process to expand access to MOUD. The study found that a self-appointed local team successfully developed and implemented a Primary Care-based Buprenorphine Clinic and E-Consult Service to expand access to MOUD to patients across the health care system, including national and local policy changes, identifying appropriate and widely supported models of care delivery and consultation, and increasing staff investment in the efforts by including them in collaborative planning and problem-solving. The study concluded that a local team can plan, develop and build new processes of care that are customized to meet local needs and contribute to long-term sustainability in the community.
AHRQ-funded; HS026370.
Citation: Wyse JJ, Mackey K, Lovejoy TI . Expanding access to medications for opioid use disorder through locally-initiated implementation. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2022 Jun 20;17(1):32. doi: 10.1186/s13722-022-00312-7..
Keywords: Opioids, Substance Abuse, Behavioral Health, Medication, Access to Care, Practice Patterns, Implementation
Scherer M, Kamler A, Weiss L
Toward safer opioid prescribing: effects of the TOWER intervention on HIV care providers.
A study evaluated the TOWard SafER Opioid Prescribing intervention's impact on HIV primary care providers' opioid prescribing practices. The research involved eleven providers and forty patients, examining opioid-related communications during clinical visits. Analysis of twenty-one patient visits assessed alignment with CDC Opioid Prescribing Guidelines. The intervention group demonstrated enhanced guideline adherence, though control group visits also showed consistency with key recommendations in several areas.
AHRQ-funded; HS025641.
Citation: Scherer M, Kamler A, Weiss L . Toward safer opioid prescribing: effects of the TOWER intervention on HIV care providers. AIDS Care 2022 Apr; 34(4):440-45. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2021.1887444..
Keywords: Opioids, Patient Safety, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Practice Patterns, Pain, Chronic Conditions, Substance Abuse
Encinosa W, Bernard D, Selden TM
大象APPAuthor: Encinosa W, Bernard D, Selden TM
Opioid and non-opioid analgesic prescribing before and after the CDC's 2016 opioid guideline.
This study examined opioid and non-opioid prescribing before and after the issuing of CDC鈥檚 2016 opioid guideline. The authors developed a theory of physician prescribing behavior under the CDC鈥檚 two-pronged incentive structure. They used MEPS survey data to empirically corroborate the theory that the regulations and guidelines have the intended effects of reducing opioid prescriptions for acute and chronic pain, as well as the predicted unintended effects-income effects cause regulations on acute pain treatment to increase chronic pain opioid prescriptions and the chronic pain treatment guidelines spillover to reduce opioids for acute pain. They also found that the guidelines work as intended in terms of the reduced usage, with chronic pain patients shifting to non-opioids and tapering off opioid doses.
AHRQ-authored.
Citation: Encinosa W, Bernard D, Selden TM . Opioid and non-opioid analgesic prescribing before and after the CDC's 2016 opioid guideline. Int J Health Econ Manag 2022 Mar;22(1):1-52. doi: 10.1007/s10754-021-09307-4..
Keywords: Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), Opioids, Practice Patterns, Medication, Pain, Chronic Conditions
Rikin S, Perez HR, Zhang C
Changes in outpatient opioid prescribing during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis.
Changes in health care delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted opioid prescribing. This study evaluated the impact of restrictions on in-person care on opioid prescribing in the outpatient setting. The hypothesis was that after restrictions to in-person care were implemented, there would be a reduction in the number of chronic and non-chronic opioid prescriptions.
AHRQ-funded; HS026396.
Citation: Rikin S, Perez HR, Zhang C . Changes in outpatient opioid prescribing during the COVID-19 pandemic: an interrupted time series analysis. J Prim Care Community Health 2022 Jan-Dec;13:21501319221076926. doi: 10.1177/21501319221076926..
Keywords: COVID-19, Opioids, Medication, Practice Patterns, Healthcare Delivery
Agbalajobi OM, Gmelin T, Moon AM
Characteristics of opioid prescribing to outpatients with chronic liver diseases: a call for action.
This retrospective cohort study investigated opioid prescribing patterns among patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) at a single medical center. These patients (12,425) were followed for one year from October 2015 to September 2016. Nearly half (47%) were prescribed opioids over a one-year period, with 17% receiving high-risk prescriptions. Characteristics associated with high-risk opioid prescriptions included female gender, Medicaid insurance, cirrhosis and baseline chronic pain, depression, anxiety, substance use disorder, and Charlson comorbidity score. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease was associated with decreased high-risk opioid prescriptions.
AHRQ-funded; HS019461.
Citation: Agbalajobi OM, Gmelin T, Moon AM . Characteristics of opioid prescribing to outpatients with chronic liver diseases: a call for action. PLoS One 2021 Dec 17;16(12):e0261377. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261377..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Practice Patterns, Pain, Chronic Conditions
Cerda M, Wheeler-Martin K, Bruzelius E
Spatiotemporal analysis of the association between pain management clinic laws and opioid prescribing and overdose deaths.
The authors investigated the impact of pain management clinic laws. They analyzed data on county-level, opioid overdose deaths via the National Vital Statistics System and patients filling long-duration or high-dose opioid prescriptions in the US 2010-2018. Their findings suggested that laws with criminal penalties were associated with intended reductions in high-risk opioid prescribing and some opioid overdoses but raised concerns regarding unintended consequences on heroin/synthetic overdoses.
AHRQ-funded; HS023258.
Citation: Cerda M, Wheeler-Martin K, Bruzelius E . Spatiotemporal analysis of the association between pain management clinic laws and opioid prescribing and overdose deaths. Am J Epidemiol 2021 Dec;190(12):2592-603. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwab192..
Keywords: Opioids, Pain, Chronic Conditions, Medication, Practice Patterns, Policy
Renny MH, Yin HS, Jent V
Temporal trends in opioid prescribing practices in children, adolescents, and younger adults in the US from 2006 to 2018.
Prescription opioids are involved in more than half of opioid overdoses among younger persons. Understanding opioid prescribing practices is essential for developing appropriate interventions for this population. The objective of this study was to examine temporal trends in opioid prescribing practices in children, adolescents, and younger adults in the US from 2006 to 2018.
AHRQ-funded; HS026120.
Citation: Renny MH, Yin HS, Jent V . Temporal trends in opioid prescribing practices in children, adolescents, and younger adults in the US from 2006 to 2018. JAMA Pediatr 2021 Oct;175(10):1043-52. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2021.1832..
Keywords: Children/Adolescents, Young Adults, Opioids, Practice Patterns, Medication
Enzinger AC, Ghosh K, Keating NL
US trends in opioid access among patients with poor prognosis cancer near the end-of-life.
This study looked at trends in opioid prescriptions for cancer patients near the end-of-life (EOL) defined as the 30 days before death or hospice enrollment. The authors looked at Medicare part D data from 2007 to 2017 for 270,632 Medicare fee-for-service decedents with poor prognosis cancers. During that time, the proportion of decedents with poor prognosis cancers receiving 1 or greater opioid prescriptions near EOL declined 15.5% and the proportion receiving 1 or greater long-acting opioid prescriptions declined 36.5% to 18.1%. The mean daily dose fell from 24.5%, from 85.6 morphine milligram equivalents per day (MMED) to 64.6. The total amount of opioids prescribed fell from 1,075 morphine milligram equivalents per decedent to 666 morphine milligram equivalents per decedents. At the same time, the proportion of patients with pain-related ED visits increase 50.8% from 13.2% to 19.9%.
AHRQ-funded; HS024072.
Citation: Enzinger AC, Ghosh K, Keating NL . US trends in opioid access among patients with poor prognosis cancer near the end-of-life. J Clin Oncol 2021 Sep 10;39(26):2948-58. doi: 10.1200/jco.21.00476..
Keywords: Cancer, Opioids, Palliative Care, Pain, Access to Care, Medication, Practice Patterns
Heins SE, Castillo RC
Changes in opioid prescribing following the implementation of state policies limiting morphine equivalent daily dose in a commercially insured population.
The study鈥檚 objective was to evaluate the impact of state-level morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD) policies on opioid prescribing among the privately insured using claims data from 9 policy states and 2 control states and a comparative interrupted time series design. Findings showed that MEDD policies were associated with decreased use of any opioids relative to control states, but with no change in high-dose prescribing. Recommendations included further research to understand the mechanisms through which MEDD policies may influence prescribing behavior.
AHRQ-funded; HS025557.
Citation: Heins SE, Castillo RC . Changes in opioid prescribing following the implementation of state policies limiting morphine equivalent daily dose in a commercially insured population. Med Care 2021 Sep;59(9):801-07. doi: 10.1097/mlr.0000000000001587..
Keywords: Opioids, Medication, Policy, Practice Patterns

Related Content

Research Findings & Reports